The World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared the ongoing mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and several African nations a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The announcement, made on 14 August 2024, follows the recommendations of an International Health Regulations (IHR) Emergency Committee that assessed data from WHO and affected countries.
The committee’s decision highlights the alarming increase in mpox cases, particularly the emergence of a new virus strain, Clade 1b, in the DRC. This strain, which emerged last year, has rapidly spread, prompting concerns about its potential to affect additional countries across Africa and potentially beyond.
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has responded to the WHO’s declaration, noting that while the current risk to the UK population is deemed low, preparations are underway. The agency supports the WHO’s move to release funds aimed at improving vaccine access for lower-income countries and enhancing global surveillance and response efforts.
Dr Meera Chand, Deputy Director at UKHSA, stated: “The risk to the UK population is currently considered low. However, we are proactively preparing for any potential cases within the UK. This includes ensuring that clinicians are well-informed and capable of identifying cases swiftly, establishing rapid testing capabilities, and developing protocols for safe clinical management and transmission prevention.”
Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, manifests through symptoms such as a skin rash or pus-filled lesions that last between two to four weeks. Other symptoms include fever, headaches, muscle aches, back pain, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes. The infection can be transmitted through contact with infected individuals or animals.
In light of the WHO’s declaration, the UKHSA is emphasising the importance of adherence to NHS guidelines on mpox, which can be accessed here. The agency is also focusing on ensuring that healthcare professionals are prepared to manage potential cases effectively.
The WHO’s declaration underscores the urgent need for global cooperation to combat the mpox outbreak and prevent further spread. With the situation evolving, ongoing monitoring and response will be crucial in addressing this international health concern.
